Petrochemical catalysts

To convert the incoming crude oil into final products such as: kerosene, gasoline, jet fuel, fuel oil, liquefied gas, gas and other products, which are so-called special products of different catalytic processes, which are classified below as types of catalysts available in the refineries, we mention:

Naphtha reforming, fluid bed cracking, hydrogen cracking are used for conversion steps in the refinery, and hydrogen purification is also used to prepare products that meet biological standards.

4 groups of processes used in refinery industries include:

Finishing Processes

Desulfurization Processes

Conversion Processes

Separation Processes

Separation steps are also used to convert light and heavy hydrocarbons. In fact, the heavier the input feed to the refinery complex, the more conversion process is needed.

The conversion steps are like cracking units, which convert heavy cuttings produced in vacuum, atmospheric and distillation towers into intermediate and light products. These units produce light olefins such as ethylene and propylene and things like gasoline and are among the main units of modern refineries.

One of the most important and basic steps in any refinery is the sulfur reduction units, all of which are under the supervision of catalysts. These units are used to remove heavy metals, sulfur and other polluting compounds from different production cuts. The most important sulfur removal units are Hydrogen purification processes of naphtha, oil, gas and kerosene can be mentioned.

The process of increasing quality is like: Alkylation, Catalytic (Reforming) and Isomerization (Isomerization) conversion units, all of these units are also catalytic.

In refining complexes, a major part of the added value provided is due to the compounds under the catalyst, for this reason, the use and selection of the right catalyst is one of the most fundamental factors in creating sustainable added value in this case.

Petrochemical and industrial catalysts have many applications, so for petrochemical reactions, one of the cases where their presence plays an important role is these products.

The performance of petrochemical complexes are divided into two polymeric and non-polymeric groups, including non-polymeric petrochemical catalysts include: ethylene to ethylene oxide, aromatization, dry reforming, dehydrogenation, etc. The type of polymer can be triethylene amine, antimony oxide and mentioned ...

The diversity of the types of petrochemical catalysts used in the petrochemical industry is more than the refinery industry due to the increase in processes and products. To understand the market of industrial catalysts in Iran, the most appropriate classification is according to the consumer industries. Petrochemical industry is the most basic link in the value chain of converting oil and gas into polymer and chemical products.

The manufacturing chains of chemical base products are divided into 7 groups, which include:

Synthesis gas conversion chain

Benzene conversion chain

Conversion chain of xylenes

Ethylene conversion chain

butadiene conversion chain

Toluene conversion chain

Propylene conversion chain

The type of compounds used in oil refining processes is different in each operating area. For each compound, special stages of these extraordinary catalysts are used. The exploitation capacity in the Middle East countries such as: Central Asia and China is increasing.

The catalytic cracking unit is one of the largest and most extensive operational units of oil refining, which requires a large volume of catalyst. The volume of production in refinery compounds is related to catalysts and alkylations unit, with the increase in the consumption of FCC unit catalyst and the required volume used in this unit, catalysts such as: reforming and hydrotreating are of great importance in the refinery industry and its supply in the sales market. has it.