۳D bioprinting of cells in tissue engineering

Today, ۳D cell bioprinting is an emerging technology that is primarily used to design and manufacture۳D cellular constructs for use in transplant therapies. The most attractive advantage of this technologyis the possibility of making three-dimensional structures with living biological raw materials, such ascells and nutrients. The production of safe, effective and acceptable pharmaceutical products for thepatient is a costly and long process, and there is a risk of failure at different stages of the life cycle. ishigh Improved biopharmaceutical tools that can be used and accurately predict the response of theculture medium are essential to help address these issues. Spheroids are increasingly used as buildingblocks in tissue engineering, as they ideally mimic the ۳D physiological environment of tissues.Automated production of these on a large scale is technically feasible. Compared to later celluloidsystems, spheroids show an enhanced regenerative capacity that can be improved. During theproduction process, by adjusting the culture conditions and the composition of biological materials,the complexity of tissues can be mimicked by combining multiple cell types in co-cultured spheroids.These include, in particular, mimicking the complex morphology and physiological functions of naturaltissues. In vitro preparation under different culture conditions and combinations of biomaterialsimproves the performance of spheroids and their guided fusion into large tissues with desired shapes.In this review, we focus on innovative biotechnological approaches. The continued development ofthese sophisticated approaches may significantly contribute to the widespread implementation ofspheroid-based tissue engineering in future regenerative medicine

کلیدواژه ها:

۳D biological printing ، nerve cells ، spheroids ، organ printing ، biological ink.